Prepositions of time
A1 Prepositions of time 16 / 50
概要
表示钟点时用 at,表示星期几和具体日期时用 on,表示较长的时间段(月份、季节、年份、一天中的时段)时用 in。像 today、tomorrow、yesterday 以及 this / next / last + 时间 这样的词前面不用任何介词。
规则
三个主要的时间介词从 in 到 at 依次变小:
| 介词 | 用于 | 例词 |
|---|---|---|
| at | 钟点、节日、night、(英式英语)the weekend | at 6 o’clock, at noon, at Christmas, at night, at the weekend |
| on | 星期几和具体日期、点名的某天上午/下午 | on Monday, on 5 May, on my birthday, on weekdays, on Monday morning |
| in | 月份、季节、年份、世纪、一天中的时段 | in July, in summer, in 2024, in the 21st century, in the morning |
一个简单的记忆窍门:in = 一个长盒子(年、月、一天中的时段)-> on = 日历上的一天 -> at = 一个精确的点(钟点)。
不用介词
在这些时间词前面不要加介词:
| 词组 | 正确 | 错误 |
|---|---|---|
| today, tomorrow, yesterday | I’ll call you tomorrow. | |
| this / next / last + 时间 | I saw her last week. | |
| every + 时间 | We meet every Monday. |
其他常用时间词
| 词 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| for | 多长时间(持续时间) | for two hours, for three days |
| since | 某事发生的起点 | since 2010, since Monday |
| during | 在某一时间段/事件之内 | during the lesson, during the summer |
| from … to / until / till | 从起点到终点 | from 9 to 5, from Monday until Friday |
| by | 不晚于(截止时间) | by 6 o’clock, by Friday |
| ago | 从现在往回数的一段时间(放在时间之后) | two days ago, a week ago |
形式与结构
一个实用的对比:一天中的时段用 in the,但点名某一天时用 on。
| 单独的一天中的时段 | 带上具体某天 |
|---|---|
| in the morning | on Monday morning |
| in the afternoon | on Friday afternoon |
| in the evening | on Saturday evening |
| 但:at night | on Sunday night |
for 与 since(详见第 25 课):
| 词 | 回答 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| for + 一段时长 | ”How long?” | I have lived here for five years. |
| since + 一个时间点 | ”Since when?” | I have lived here since 2019. |
ago 放在时间之后,搭配过去式动词:I met him three years ago.
例句
| English | 说明 |
|---|---|
| The film starts at 8 o’clock. | at + 确切的钟点。 |
| We visit family at Christmas. | at + 节日。 |
| I read a little at night. | 固定短语:at night。 |
| My exam is on Monday. | on + 星期几。 |
| She was born on 12 March. | on + 日期。 |
| It often rains in April. | in + 月份。 |
| We moved here in 2021. | in + 年份。 |
| I get up early on Monday morning. | 点名某天 -> on,而不是 in the morning。 |
| I’ll be ready by seven. | by = 不晚于七点。 |
| They talked for an hour. | for + 一段时长。 |
常见错误
- in Monday -> on Monday——星期几要用 on,而不是 in。
- on the morning -> in the morning——一天中的时段要用 in(但 on Monday morning)。
- at July -> in July——月份要用 in。
- in last week -> last week——this / next / last 前不用介词。
- since two hours -> for two hours——for = 一段时长;since = 一个起点。
- He left before two hours -> He left two hours ago——表示从现在往回数的时间用 ago。
学习提示
- 范围逐渐缩小:in(月份、年份、季节)> on(具体的某一天、日期)> at(精确的时刻)。时间范围越小,用的词也越短。
- 把这些当作固定搭配来记:at night,in the morning / afternoon / evening,at the weekend(英式英语)/ on the weekend(美式英语)。
- 一旦出现具体的某天,就要换成 on:in the evening,但 on Tuesday evening。
- for 回答 how long?,since 回答 since when?——它们通常搭配现在完成时使用(见第 25 课)。